Community Discussions
Explore the latest discussions and community conversations related to this domain.
What's the difference between in-band and out-of-band management?
Main Post: What's the difference between in-band and out-of-band management?
Top Comment: Inband is on your normal production physical network. Out of band is normally a completely seperate physical network. This allows you to manage device should you screw something up on your network.
ELI5 - What exactly are bands and channels in Wifi
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I am digging more into wireless communication and a concept I can't seem to wrap my head around is that of channels.
I think I have a mental model good enough for a layman regarding frequencies. Basically it is how often an electromagnetic cycle completes in a seconds.
So when I read something like 802.11 utilize 2.4 GHz or 5.0 GHz I get it.
But where I start to get lost is when channels (and bands) enter the picture. What exactly are these? For example on my Mac, I see my wireless connection is using Channel 40 (5 GHz). I understand the 5 GHz part...that is the frequency...but I do not understand the Channel 40 part.
To make me more confused, I have read that it is possible to change the channel. But how is that possible to change the channel while the frequency still remains the same?
Top Comment: 2.4 and 5GHz are not exact points in frequency but rather the range that they use. The channels are created by slight changes in frequency in the 0.0XX GHz range XX being where the frequency increases slightly for each channel. Channel 1 on 2.4 GHz is roughly from 2.400 to 2.420 GHz. So The changes are made in the smaller MHz range within larger GHz band at about 20 MHz per channel. I think the graph in this article lays it out in a fairly clear way. https://www.engeniustech.com/go-guide-channel-transmit-power-wi-fi-networks-2/ Edited for some clarity
S22 Ultra Network Band Selection Saving Battery(But It works on s22 as well, probably other newer samsungs too)
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So l enabled anything except NR so far, and my battery life has increased dramatically.
It seems this phone kills itself trying to connect to 5G when the 5G signal is weak. If you live in a strong 5G zone and dont have wifi available I suggest not using this. But, if you have wifi and no need for 5G or the 5G signal is kinda bad, try using this and Imk if it helps your battery life?
Here's a vid of what I enabled: https://imgur.com/a/S1SB62l
App: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ray.samsungbandselection
Top Comment:
wow thank you. I will try see if saves battery.
Out Of Band Management network
Main Post:
I am about to build an OOB Management network, for about 10 sites, and am trying to identify the most cost effective hardware. I intend to provide OOB Ethernet and Serial connectivity to each network device on my main network which is around 100 devices. The kit is spread out in some DCs and no copper between some racks. My basic plan so far is:
- Cisco ASA5508 firewalls at each site, with an internet connection.
- Two sites designated as Hubs, connecting with IPSec to all others in a double hub & Spoke.
- Small Sites (x6)
- Less than 6 Switches to manage can connect direct to the firewall
- If more than 6 ports are requires then a 24 port switch.
- 6 port Serial Console server
- Larger sites (x4)
- Racks are spread out across DC in about 8 groups
- Each group will need a Serial console server with an appropriate number of ports
- Each rack group will need a switch, that switch will need to uplink back towards the firewall with Fibre.
- The ASA 5508 firewall does not have fibre ports (the 5525 with expansion does, but that is too expensive and only 6 SFP ports). So I need a Distribution switch with > 8 x 1G SFP interfaces. This is the main device I am having difficulty identifying.
- Each rack group will have a small switch with 10/12/24 port 1G copper interfaces (depending on group size) and an 1G SFP uplink.
Some basic requirements are:
- I don't want to buy EOL kit, it all has to be supportable.
- All of the kit I need to manage has either 100Mb or 1Gb copper interfaces.
- Bandwidth throughput does not need to be high.
- This is not a fully resilient network, it is just a simple double hub and spoke.
- The Two Hub sites are the biggest DCs. Most of the others are small 1 or two racks.
- The hardware doesn't have to be Cisco, although I am most familiar with it, but it does need to be one of our existing three that we already use, as I don't want to add a fourth vendor. They are Cisco, Arista and Juniper.
- I really don't like media converters, as I have found them to be unreliable in the past.
- All kit must be rack mountable.
- Hub sites will have some services running to support management, like touchdown server, TACACS, syslog, DNS, DHCP, snmp, NTP.
If anyone can share their experience setting up something like this and recommend any hardware it would be greatly appreciated. Alternate suggestions to the above are welcome, if you think there is a better method to achieve the same goal.
Edit:Thanks for all the responses. Just to clarify as a a few people are just listing serial consoles. This has to be IP routed management of the devices Ethernet management interface. I will have serial consoles as well, but IP is the primary requirement.
Also note: distribution of connectivity within the large DCs is an issue as our racks are not all together and copper connectivity is not available. I am leaning towards daisy chaining a ring of the small 8 port switches that have 4 SFPs in a ring and let spanning tree sort out the loop. I think this will be the most cost effective.
Top Comment:
Honestly just go with Opengear, they make all different size devices with cellular OOB.
WTF is RBN?: The Rock Band Network FAQ
Main Post:
Since I'm planning to boost this subreddit's activity a little bit by keeping up news on the Rock Band Network releases, I figured I might as well provide a little FAQ about it. (More/better questions are encouraged.)
WTF is RBN?
The Rock Band Network is Harmonix's open toolkit to allow anyone to get their music into Rock Band. There are rules, of course, but the general idea is: if you want in Rock Band, you can be in Rock Band. It's built upon XNA, which is why everything is done on the XBox360. Select tracks are ported to PS3 at a rate of 5 a week, based on sales and community request. Wii does not get RBN songs any longer, due to lack of demand. Functionally speaking, RBN is Rock Band 3 exclusive.
So where's the Pink Floyd?
I said there are rules. The normal legalities and process of music licensing apply here just like they apply to Harmonix. There's also restrictions against covers and samples, because the legal headaches on those can be far too massive, and content limits to keep things from getting too out-of-hand. And while it rarely comes up, RBN is restricted to six languages due to its XNA basis: English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, and Japanese.
What about quality control?
Everyone who works on RBN tracks has a set of rules and guidelines to follow. These are largely the same as the rules that Harmonix follows when they author songs. To ensure songs stick to those rules, RBN songs must go through community playtest and peer review before they can be released. 95% of the time, it works every time. RBN authors can use differing authoring styles, as long as they follow the rules.
Why not just stick with official DLC?
For one, Harmonix can only make so many songs, so for the bands it's an opportunity to get in the game when the official queue may be too long or limited to much larger artists. For players, it's a great source of lower-price tracks (many RBN tracks are only $1) as well as unknown artists and unique challenges. You won't see Harmonix doing Beethoven scherzos or a cappella tracks.
What if I want to get involved?
Are you an artist or an author?
I thought I was asking the questions here.
Right. Go on.
What if I want my band in the game?
You have the option to author your tracks yourself. If you're unsigned, you probably have the rights already, so you'd just need the multi-track master stems for the song in question. You'll also need a DAW to work with (Reaper is the standard) and an XNA subscription ($100/year). You'd learn how to author, author your song, then put it through the system.
Most bands go through authoring companies. (Full disclosure, I run one of my own). These teams will do the hard work for you, for either an up-front fee or a cut of the royalties. My company does a unique mix of the two authoring approaches (dubbed 'proxy releases') so that you can author yourself but avoid the XNA hassles (as well as the $150 minimum before you get paid). Generally speaking, though, it's pretty hands-off for the band.
What if I want to get involved in authoring?
There's an official practice project of "Don't Let Me Down (Slowly)" by The Main Drag available on the RBN Creators website. That's a good way to learn the ropes if you don't have your own music. As you get more comfortable, you can either work on getting clients yourself or try to join an existing team; That Authoring Group and RockGamer Studios tend to have recruitment efforts more often than other teams.
If you're willing to chip in for XNA, you can get started as a freelance playtester, testing songs before they're released. That should help you see what a "good song" and a "bad song" look like, which helps if you start authoring.
Any Redditors involved?
Well, me, for one. pksage (a fellow author) is around, and probably others I'm not aware of. In terms of bands, the list is surprisingly long, and includes Down Factor, The Pursuits, Voodoo Pharmacology, and many others.
I know a band that'd be awesome for RBN!
Tell them! Seriously, if you can show a band there's interest in them being in the game, it'll help convince them to get involved. I always suggest finding a few RBN songs you really enjoy, find out who authored them (RBNReleases.com is a good way), and direct your favorite bands to your favorite authors.
Some useful links of note:
Creators.rockband.com (the RBN hub)
RBN Releases (a catalog of everything released, even the stuff that shouldn't have been)
Daily Picks: Two random RBN songs, picked daily for your consideration
I know it's not as complete as it could be, but hopefully it's a good start. Please, ask any questions I'm missing and tell me if anything seems unclear or incorrect.
Top Comment: Any Redditors involved? ...and probably others I'm not aware of. Yo.
What's the network engineers least favourite band?
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panic at the cisco
Top Comment:
System of a Down
PSA - Samsung has removed the band selection screen from public access in firmware June 1 2022
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Caution
Samsung has removed the band selection screen from public access in their latest firmware (June 1 2022 security patch).
That means the Samsung Band Selection app "Launch band selection" will no longer work on devices with this firmware version or newer.
There is a new solution available in the form of the Samsung Toolkit app, which lets you Launch Band Selection on the latest Samsung phones without a PC or cable. Due to the fact that the method used does not allow targeting the latest Android APIs, the full-fledged app cannot be published to the Play Store.
There are some additional workarounds available below, if Toolkit is too steep of a learning curve.
As with the original app, the new solution, and workarounds may one day stop working if Samsung decides to block them as well in a firmware update. This is unfortunately, for us app developers, beyond our control.
Workaround to launch Band Selection screen (works on any Samsung phone S20 and newer as of Jan 2023, including U/U1/W/0/B/E/F models)
Even easier method now available
Introducing Samsung Toolkit which lets you Launch Band Selection on the latest Samsung phones without a PC or cable.
Previous update
There is a New Method making use of System Shell Exploit that brings back Band Selection screen AND persists across reboots.
Take a look here for instructions.
Alternative workaround for band selection (may not work on all phones)
Another workaround you can use is the *#2263# screen. However some carriers disable this menu. See below for how to enable this menu on such carriers.
Force-enable 2263 and other codes (only for US/Canada phones)
- Download the leaked Samsung Internal Hidden Menu Tool from samsung-guy
- Install Samsung USB Drivers
- Dial *#0808# on your phone dialer
- Select "DM + MODEM + AB"
- Launch the Hidden Menu Tool EXE
- Click "Start" as soon as possible.
- Close the app once it says "Success"
- If it hangs instead of showing "Success", close the app and relaunch and try again quickly.
- If the *#2263# code still does not work, use *#73# instead and click on "Band Selection" from there.
Alternative solution for disabling 5G
You might be able to use "more network settings" in the Samsung Band Selection app to turn it off. Maybe they didn't remove it from that menu.
Specifically under "Advanced", "preferred network type"
Top Comment:
I didn't know there was an app for this. I've always used the phone dialer code.
How do you use/activate the app?
Best Wifi (Mesh System or Super Router ?) - Voting Expected !!!
Main Post:
Best Wifi (Mesh System?) - Voting Expected !!!
Just another try to get some comments .
Searching the best possible Mesh System according the following requirements and expecting your comments and votes .
1 - Customer service (during installation and post installation , considering also warranty expiration of the product)
2 - Availability, reliability, serviciability , considering a home of approximately 4000 square feet and more than 40 IoT devices installed, including cameras, sensors, voice activation, Smart devices , Tv's, tablets , smartphones , notebooks , etc.
3 - Low maintenance. After programming, all the necessary functions and features, the idea is not to continually to be behind the device . No more than one hour per month to verify logs and / or firmware update .
4 - Mesh should be the best option, but having only one point of failure as a single super router is better (I know it would be difficult due to coverage, but it was the ideal scenario) - Repeaters are not on my wish list (I have had bad experience with many of them) but it is not a limitation in case someone considers an appropriate device to add to a high capacity router.
In the case of Mesh it should be tri band - WiFi 6 for the moment is not an essential condition
I live in Latam but it is not a limitation to be able to buy anywhere in the world if it meets point number 1
Real life experiences (good or bad are welcome) I need to define the new system in the next weeks. For the moment , and because of the urgency, a cheap and unexpensive dual band router bought last week and it is giving me an amazing service for more than 20 devices (but coverage and qty is a problem)
Expecting your votes and clarification why do you recommend
Thanks in advance for supporting and Helping .
Top Comment:
Big fan of the Orbi wifi6 mesh system. Reliable and great coverage around my house (~3000 sq ft)..
How to force 5g wifi band?
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Stupid isp router/modem has "smart wifi" functionality and disabled creating seperate wifi bands to connect to.
Already tried the following
- pen device manager. ...
- Go to Network adapters and right-click on the WiFi network adapter.
- Click Properties.
- Click Advanced > Wireless Mode > Auto > OK. ...
- Still in the Advanced tab, move to Preferred Band, select Prefer 5GHz band, then click OK.
this is not forcing 5g band. I only get 5g band when first connecting to network, then it switches to 2.4ghz
Top Comment: Your router typically broadcasts 2 SSIDs. One is a 2.4GHZ network and the other is 5ghz. If the router is set to run 5ghs only obviously that's all you'll see. Setting your wifi adapter the way you are will mean it only sees and interacts with 5ghz networks. That's fine, but you can't force it to turn your 2.4 into 5. Are you connected to a 5ghz network or not? 5ghz wifi is only possible if your router does it. Nothing you change on your PC will make your router operate at 5. Look at your router manual. If it's enabled, the 5ghz network is on a seperate SSID